El «lugar» de los campamentos de refugiados en la consideración antropológica

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/dra.2021.027

Palabras clave:

Refugiados, Campamentos, No lugar, Europa, Apropiación cultural

Resumen


En su célebre obra «Los no lugares. Espacios del Anonimato.», el antropólogo francés Marc Augé define los campamentos de refugiados como no lugares (Augé 1998 [1992]). Sin cuestionar la validez de la categoría para definir los otros espacios característicos de la «sobremodernidad», analizaremos la aplicabilidad de la misma para los campamentos de refugiados sobre la base del trabajo de campo empírico en los campamentos existentes en varios contextos europeos actuales. Nuestras conclusiones contradicen esta propuesta teórica. En un momento histórico, llamado la «crisis de los refugiados en Europa», es necesaria la reflexión sobre la interpretación desde la antropología cultural de estos espacios.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Agamben, Giorgio y Antonio Gimeno Cuspinera. 1998. Homo Sacer: el poder soberano y la nuda vida I. Valencia: Pre-Textos.

Agier, Michel. 2001. De nouvelles villes, les camps de réfugiés: éléments d'ethnologie urbaine. Annales de La Recherche Urbaine: 128-136. https://doi.org/10.3406/aru.2001.2443

Agier, Michel. 2012 [2008]. Managing the Undesirables: Refugee Camps and Humanitarian Government. D. Fernbach (trad.). Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.

Ansems de Vries, Leonie y Elspeth Guild. 2018. «Seeking Refuge in Europe: Spaces of Transit and the Violence of Migration Manage ment». Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 45(1): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2018.1468308

Appadurai, Arjun. 1996. Modernity at Large. Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Aris Escarcena, Juan Pablo. 2019. «Expulsions: The Construction of a Hostile Environment in Calais». European Journal of Migration and Law 21(2): 215-237. https://doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12340048

Aris Escarcena, Juan Pablo. y A. Carolina Da Silva. 2019. «La condition des mineurs isolés à Calais, un état des lieux post-Jungle». En Sariette Batibonak, Jean-Fidèle Simba, y Hawa Coulibaly (eds.), Mutations dans les migrations, conflictualités dans les pratiques: 61-80. París: L'Harmattan.

Augé, Marc. 1998 [1992]. Los no lugares, espacios del anonimato: una antropología de la sobremodernidad. M. N. Mizraji (trad.). Barcelona: Gedisa.

Bosworth, Mary y Mhairi Guild. 2008. «Governing through Migration Control: Security and Citizenship in Britain». British Journal of Criminology 48(6): 703-719. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azn059

Barou, Jacques. (2014). «Integration of Immigrants in France: a Historical Perspective». Identities 21(6): 642-657. https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.2014.882840

Bauman, Zygmunt. 2003 [2000]. Modernidad líquida. M. Rosenberg y J. Arrambide Squirru (trad.). México D.F.: Fondo de Cultura Económica.

Bauman, Zygmunt. (2008). La sociedad sitiada. México D.F.: FCE - Fondo de Cultura Económica.

Ben-Yehoyada, Naor, Heath Cabot y Paul. A. Silverstein. 2020. «Introduction: Remapping Mediterranean Anthropology». History and Anthropology 31(1): 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2019.1684274

Cabot, Heath. 2019a. «The Business of Anthropology and the European Refugee Regime». American Ethnologist 46(3): 261-275. https://doi.org/10.1111/amet.12791

Cabot, Heath. 2019b. «The European Refugee Crisis and Humanitarian Citizenship in Greece». Ethnos 84(5): 747-771. https://doi.org/10.1080/00141844.2018.1529693

Dal Lago, Alessandro. 2004. Non-persone: l'esclusione dei migranti in una società globale. Milán Feltrinelli.

De Genova, Nicholas. 2013. «Spectacles of Migrant 'Illegality': the Scene of Exclusion, the Obscene of Inclusion». Ethnic and Racial Studies 36(7): 1180-1198. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2013.783710

Derrida, Jacques. 2010. Seminario la bestia y el soberano. Volumen I, (2001-2002). Buenos Aires: Manantial.

Düvell, Franck. 2011. «Paths into Irregularity: the Legal and Political Construction of Irregular Migration». European Journal of Migration and Law 13(3): 275-295. https://doi.org/10.1163/157181611X587856

Fassin, Didier. 2007. «Humanitarianism as a Politics of Life». Public Culture 19(3): 499-520. https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2007-007

Flynn, Michael y Cecilia Josephine Cannon. 2009. «The Privatization of Immigration Detention: Towards a Global View». A Global Detention Project Working Papers Septiembre 2009: 1-25. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2344196

Hess, Sabine y Bernd Kasparek. 2017. «De- and Restabilising Schengen. The European Border Regime After the Summer of Migration». Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto 56: 47-78. https://doi.org/10.18543/ced-56-2017pp47-77

Hess, Sabine, Bernd Kasparek, Stefanie Kron, Mathias Rodatz, M. Schwertl y S. Sontowski. 2016. Der lange Sommer der Migration: Grenzregime III. Berlín : Assoziation A.

Hobsbawm, Eric. 1994. Historia el Siglo XX. Buenos Aires: Crítica.

Honneth, Axel (ed.). 2008. Reification: a New Look at an Old Idea. Nueva York https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195320466.001.0001

Ilcan, Suzan y Kim Rygiel. 2015. «"Resiliency Humanitarianism": Responsibilizing Refugees through Humanitarian EmergencyGovernance in the Camp». International Political Sociology 9(4): 333-351. https://doi.org/10.1111/ips.12101

Klepp, Silja. 2010. «A Contested Asylum System: The European Union between Refugee Protection and Border Control in the Mediterranean Sea». European Journal of Migration and Law 12: 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1163/138836410X13476363652523

Malkki, Liisa. 1992. «National Geographic: The Rooting of Peoples and the Territorialization of National Identity Among Scholars and Refugees». Cultural Anthropology 7(1): 24-44. https://doi.org/10.1525/can.1992.7.1.02a00030

Malkki, Liisa. 1994. «Citizens of Humanity: Internationalism and the Imagined Community of Nations». Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 3(1): 41-68. https://doi.org/10.1353/dsp.1994.0013

Malkki, Liisa. 1996. «Speechless Emissaries: Refugees, Humanitarianism, and Dehistoricization». Cultural Anthropology 11(3): 377-404. https://doi.org/10.1525/can.1996.11.3.02a00050

Mezzadra, Sandro. y Brett Neilson. 2017. La frontera como método o la multiplicación del trabajo. Madrid: Traficantes de Sueños.

Pallister-Wilkins, Polly. 2015. «The Humanitarian Politics of European Border Policing: Frontex and Border Police in Evros». International Political Sociology 9(11): 53-69. https://doi.org/10.1111/ips.12076

Rahola, Federico. 2003. Zone definitivamente temporanee. I luoghi dell'umanità in ecceso. Milán Ombre corte.

Rahola, Federico. 2006. «On the Victim's Side: A Note on Humanitarianism in the Time of Wars of Interference. Ephemera». Theory & Politics in Organization 6(1): 40-56.

Rahola, Federico. 2007. «La forme-camp. Pour une généalogie des lieux de transit et d'internement du présent». Cultures & Conflits 68: 31-50. https://doi.org/10.4000/conflits.5213

Recchi, Ettore. 2015. Mobile Europe. The Theory and Practice of Free Movement in the EU. London : Palgrave Macmillan.

Rozakou, Katerina. 2019. «'How did you Get in?' Research Access and Sovereign Power During the 'Migration Crisis' in Greece». Social Anthropology 27(S1): 68-83. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-8676.12620

Rygiel, Kim. 2011. «Bordering Solidarities: Migrant Activism and the Politics of Movement and Camps at Calais». Citizenship Studies 15(1): 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2011.534911

Rygiel, Kim. 2016. «Dying to Live: Migrant Deaths and Citizenship Politics along European Borders: Transgressions, Disruptions, and Mobilizations». Citizenship Studies 20(5): 545-560. https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2016.1182682

Sandri, Elisa. 2018. «'Volunteer Humanitarianism': Volunteers snd Humanitarian Aid in the Jungle Refugee Camp of Calais». Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44(1): 65-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1352467

Sassen, Saskia. 2013 [1999]. Inmigrantes y ciudadanos. De las migraciones masivas a la Europa Fortaleza. J. Alborés Rey (trad.). Madrid: Siglo XXI.

Schwenken, Helen. 2014. «From Sangatte to 'The Jungle': Europe's Contested Borderlands». En H. Schwenken y S. Ruß-Sattar (eds.), New Border and Citizenship Politics: 171-186. Londres: Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137326638_12

Stavenhagen, Rodolfo. 2000. Conflictos étnicos y estado nacional. México D.F.: Siglo XXI.

Stierl, Maurice. 2016. «A Sea of Struggle - Activist Border Interventions in The Mediterranean Sea». Citizenship Studies 20(5): 561-578. https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2016.1182683

Stierl, Maurice. 2018. «A Fleet of Mediterranean Border Humanitarians». Antipode 50(3): 704-724. https://doi.org/10.1111/anti.12320

Tazzioli, Martina. 2017. «Containment Through Mobility: Migrants' Spatial Disobediences and the Reshaping of Control Through the Hotspot System». Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44:1-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1401514

Tazzioli, Martina. y Glenda Garelli. 2018. «Containment Beyond Detention: the Hotspot System and Disrupted Migration Movements across Europe». Environment and Planning. D: Society and Space 0: 1-19.

Ticktin, Miriam. 2005. «Policing and Humanitarianism in France: Immigration and the Turn to Law as State of Exception». Interventions 7(3): 346-368. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698010500268148

Ticktin, Miriam. 2014. «Transnational Humanitarianism». Annual Review of Anthropology 43(1): 273-289. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-102313-030403

Ticktin, Miriam. 2016. «Thinking Beyond Humanitarian Borders». Social Research: An International Quaterly 83(2): 255-271.

Tsianos, Vasilis y Serhat Karakayali. 2010. «Transnational Migration and the Emergence of the European Border Regime: An Ethnographic Analysis». European Journal of Social Theory 13(3): 373-387. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431010371761

Tutton, Richard, Christine Hauskeller y Steve Sturdy. 2014. «Suspect Technologies: Forensic Testing of Asylum Seekers at the UK Border». Ethnic and Racial Studies 37(5): 738-752. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2013.870667

Van Baar, Huub. 2014. «The Centripetal Dimension of the EU's External Border Regime». Etnofoor 26(2): 87-93.

Vertovec, Steven y Robin Cohen (eds.). 1999. Migration, Diasporas and Transnationalism. Cheltenham: Elgar.

Wacquant, Loic. 2014. «Marginality, Ethnicity and Penality in the Neo-Liberal City: an Analytic Cartography». Ethnic and Racial Studies 37(10): 1687-1711. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2014.931991

Walters, William. 2006. «Border/Control». European Journal of Social Theory 9(2): 187-203. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431006063332

Walters, William. «Foucault and Frontiers: Notes on the Birth of the Humanitarian Border». En U. Bröckling, S. Krasmann y T. Lemke (eds.), Governmentality: Current Issues and Future Challenges: 138-164. Nueva Yorl: Routledge.

Walters, William. 2015. «Migration, Vehicles and Politics: Three Theses on Viapolitics». European Journal of Social Theory 18(4): 469-488. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431014554859

Williams, Jill M. 2015. «From Humanitarian Exceptionalism to Contingent Care: Care and Enforcement at the Humanitarian Border». Political Geography 47 (2015): 11-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2015.01.001

Publicado

2021-12-30

Cómo citar

Aris Escarcena, J. P. . (2021). El «lugar» de los campamentos de refugiados en la consideración antropológica. Disparidades. Revista De Antropología, 76(2), e027. https://doi.org/10.3989/dra.2021.027

Número

Sección

Artículos